教师可能会在个别课程的课程大纲中列出所需的一些与技术相关的组件。 这些材料应该可以从书店或经批准的供应商处购买或租用。 技术的例子包括来自经批准的供应商或基于SAAS的应用程序的电子教科书、课件（在学术环境中使用的电子格式的内容，如投票、测验、视频、游戏等）。
In some cases, academic units or individual departments can pay licensing fees for groups of students at their discretion after being approved by their institution’s IT department.
For a full list of software already approved by the UM System, go to: https://appinventory.umsystem.edu/ （网站仍在等待完整的功能，但应该在夏天准备好）. Please note that some software on this list may require additional approval from your institution’s IT as some software is only approved for specific groups or purposes.
如果学生对每门课程的技术相关组件有疑问，应联系讲师。
生效日期：2023年8月8日