获得持续和安全的饮用水可以说是人类面临的最大挑战。 That’s especially true in Africa where the clean water shortage in many of the countries is getting worse. In Cape Town, South Africa, the crisis is called “Day Zero,” the day the taps run dry.
威尼斯人娱乐城土木工程副教授约翰·凯文(John Kevern)一直在与西开普省大学(University of the Western Cape)的研究生合作,帮助找到应对这场危机的可行方案。
For more than 30 years, the University of Missouri South African Education Program has delivered on the goal of aiding South Africans disadvantaged by their government’s former apartheid policies. Since 1986, the University of Missouri System has partnered with the University of the Western Cape in Cape Town, South Africa to advance mutual understanding between the institutions’ faculties and foster cooperative teaching, research and service projects.
南非缺水或缺乏安全饮用水是多种因素造成的,包括气候变化、人口增长和废弃矿山的重金属污染。 Kevern说,南非矿产资源部有一份名单,列出了6000个被忽视的矿山,这些矿山充满水,导致酸性矿井排水:从金属或煤矿流出的酸性水。
“Throughout its lifetime a mine can generate 2.5 million pounds of gold, silver uranium or other minerals, but South African mines are now a volatile wasteland.”
– Kevern
Kevern是一位著名的混凝土专家,他与非洲大陆的其他几个国家合作,包括肯尼亚和加纳,帮助解决废物问题。 他热衷于通过资源和信息共享来改变现状,这在很大程度上促使他愿意为弱势群体工作。

Kevern和他的团队发现,通过使用两个地区发电厂的废粉煤灰(煤燃烧的副产品),他们可以中和酸性矿井排水,并帮助为国家生产更多的清洁水。 The chemical composition of fly ash makes it a common—and cost effective—ingredient in treating acid mine water.
“In the Johannesburg area, with 10 million residents, at least 15 percent of the population lives in informal settlements, with many placed by former apartheid government near or even on top of these dumps. 在Blyvooruitzicht,大约有11000人住在废弃的煤矿周围,其中许多是失业的矿工,无法负担其他地方的住房。
Fundamentally, social justice comes down to access to safe drinking water.”
– Kevern
当粉煤灰被注入矿井并与酸性水混合时,就会产生一种坚硬的、无孔的材料。 这有助于防止任何额外的氧气和水进入矿井,造成进一步的污染。 Kevern夏天的大部分时间都在东部的煤矿工作,但UWC在西部,所以他和研究生Rosicky Kalombe开始了一次越野公路旅行,收集煤炭来制造粉煤灰。
自从Kevern回到美国后,他一直在与西开普省的学生远程合作,他们继续在实验室进行全面的过滤器测试。 凯文说,中和过程是相当成熟的。 The team’s next steps are to figure out what to do with the excess waste. 他们的想法是用这些废物制造一种经济有效的地聚合物来填满矿井,防止排水再次发生。

这个小组将在今年冬天试行这个项目。 如果项目按计划进行,他们希望在整个非洲大陆实施这一解决方案。 这对非洲意味着两件事:为学生提供更多的就业机会和增加获得清洁水的机会。
Hear more about Kevern’s summer in South Africa on KCUR’s Central Standard.
这个故事最初发表在威尼斯人娱乐城计算机与工程学院的杂志《先锋》上。
